In the last years, Li-ion batteries received great attention because of the increasing energetics requirements of modern society across a broad range of applications. We need to switch to renewable source energy and be able to storage it. Hence, modern electrochemistry faces a great challenge in developing rechargeable batteries whose materials meet the requirement for excellent features, as very prolonged stability and cycle life, safe, low cost, abundant as possible and ecofriendly.
Herein, different materials are characterized electrochemically: LiFePO4 anode, Li-O2 batteries and the innovative CH3NH3PbBr3 anode. Impedance spectroscopy allows us to identify the kinetics limitation for each type of electrode. Furthermore, by coupling the electrochemical process with operando-XRD, the structure evolution during lithiation is investigated in the perovskite anode to propose for the first time a possible mechanism based on three steps: insertion, where coexist pristine material and lithiated phase; irreversible lead conversion and Li-Pb alloying.
This work demonstrates that EIS is a testing tool that makes accessible the connection between electrochemical mechanism and electrode morphology and constituents.
